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Risk Analysis
Risk Analysis is to study the nature & impact of hazards due handling
& storage of hazardous petroleum products and also to analyze whether any
accident, if it occurs, would lead
to any off-site disaster. The analysis aims at qualitative & quantitative
evaluation of the risk involved due to location and operation of the terminal
and also to ascertain that the risk is within its acceptable limits or not. The
finding results into recommendations for minimization of the existing levels of
risk, and provides guidelines for increasing effectiveness of On-site &
Off-site Disaster Management Plan.
All the important aspects of the regulation Manufacture, Storage &
Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1994 and relevant Oil Industries
Safety Directorate (OISD) Guidelines would be used as directives in
conducting the Risk Analysis.
What
it covers :-
(A) Hazard Identification
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Study of ongoing terminal operations and engineering information,
Piping
and Instrumentation (P&I)
diagrams, plot and layout plans.
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Identification of
fire, explosion & other health hazards
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Analysis of inventories in process & storage units with recourse to
Manufacture, Storage & Import Of Hazardous Chemical Rules, 1994 and Fire-
Explosion & Toxicity Index (FE& TI)
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What- if analysis for all foreseeable deviations in various operations
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Identification of accident sequences and consequences with recourse to
Event Tree Analysis (ETA) and to evaluate propensity of occurrence of the top
event through Fault Tress Analysis (FTA)
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Past accident data/information analysis in similar installations to
develop the credibility of worst come worst accident scenarios.
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Survey for possibilities of static electricity hazards & other
possible ignition sources
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Application of Safety Review
Check List
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Visualization of
Maximum Credible Accident (MCA) scenarios.
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(B)
Analysis of MCA Scenarios:
Analysis of
identified MCA scenarios and quantification of primary effects and to
evaluate the domino effects with recourse to computerized mathematical models
pertaining to cases of :
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Petroleum products outflow and their release
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Spilled oil fire, Jet fire & Pool fire
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Explosion (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion (BLEVE)
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Dispersion of gases due to fire/explosion
Application of damage criteria for heat radiation & pressure wave levels
with recourse to health criteria, dose-response relations and vulnerability
models.
(C) Consequence Analysis:
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Study of on-site
and off-site population and nearby land usage characteristics.
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Characterization
of risk/Hazard levels through study of nature of exposure, pathway
& consequences of MCA scenarios and presentation of results.
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To evolve
guidelines for On-site & Off-site Disaster Management Plan (DMP)
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To audit the
existing DMP and observe a Mock Drill exercise
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The
Study Recommends based on :
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Observations on
the operational practices & terminal hardware
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Findings of the
Risk Analysis & safety review Check-list
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Fire fighting
& other emergency facilities available
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Observations during the Mock Drill
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Manufacture, Storage & Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1994
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Relevant Oil Industries Safety Directorate (OISD) Guidelines
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to be continued....
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